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Operating System

1. What an Operating System (OS) is?he operating system is the most important program that runs on a computer. Every general-purpose computer must have an operating system to run other programs. Operating systems perform basic tasks, such as recognizing input from the keyboard, sending output to the display screen, keeping track of files and directorieson the disk, and controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers.
   
2. Which are its characteristics?The characteristics of an operating system is that it is possible to manage processes by means of the system. You could also manage the operation of the devices themselves turning their states either on or off. All operating systems have kernels.

1. How can operating systems be classified?:
   1. Character user interface (CUI)-based operating systems
   2. Graphical user interface (GUI)-based operating systems
   3. Single-user operating systems
   4. Multi-user operating systems
   5. Single-tasking operating systems
   6. Multitasking operating systems
   7. Real-time operating systems
2. What is mobile operating system?A mobile operating system, also called a mobile OS, is an operating system that is specifically designed to run on mobile devices such as mobile phones, smartphones, PDAs, tablet computers and other handheld devices. The mobile operating system is the software platform on top of which other programs, called application programs, can run on mobile devices.
3. What is network operating system?Network Operating System refers to software that implements an operating system of some kind that is oriented to computer networking. For example, one that runs on a server and enables the server to manage data, users, groups, security, applications, and other networking functions.The network operating system is designed to allow shared file and printer access among multiple computers in a network, typically a local area network (LAN), a private network or to other networks.
4. What is a Multi-user Operating System (write some examples)?Multi-user operating system allows the concurrent access to many users
   of a computer. Multitasking is another name that is used for this
   system. A multi-user operating system is a system in which sufficientseparate resources are used. In this way a problem with one user does not disrupt the work of others. The common examples of multi-user operating system include VMS, Unix, and mainframe operating systems which include MVS system.  ejample : In the Unix server, multiple remote users have the access to the Unix shell at the same time. In the case of thin client, multiple X WINDOW sessions are spread across various terminals. These terminals are powered by a single machine.  
5. What is a multiprocessing Operating System (write some examples)?Let us now turn from multiprocessor hardware to multiprocessor software, in particular, multiprocessor operating systems. Various organizations are possible. Below we will study three of them.
6. What is a multitasking Operating System (write some examples)?A multitasking operating system is any type of system that is capable of running more than one program at a time. Most modern operating systems are configured to handle multiple programs simultaneously, with the exception of some privately developed systems that are designed for use in specific business settings.
   
7. Which are the top 5 Operating Systems?:
   • Linux
   • Windows 7
   • Windows Vista
   • Mac OS X
   • Windows XP
8. Wich are the top 5 Mobile Operating Systems?

   1. Google Android OS   2. Apple iOS    3. BlackBerry  4. Symbian OS     5. Firefox OS

input/output device, also known as computer peripheral,      any of various devices (including sensors) used to enter information and instructions into a computer for storage or processing and to deliver the processed data to a human operator or, in some cases, a machine controlled by the computer. Such devices make up the peripheral equipment of modern digital computer systems.

 

 

An input device converts incoming data and instructions into a pattern of electrical signals in binary code that are comprehensible to a digital computer .

 

 An output device reverses the process, translating the digitized signals into a form intelligible to the user. At one time punched-card and paper-tape readers were extensively used for inputting, but these have now been supplanted by more efficient devices.

input

•  Graphics Tablets
•  Cameras
•  Video Capture Hardware
•  Trackballs  
•  Barcode reader
•  Digital camera
•  Gamepad
•  Joystick
•  Keyboard
•  Microphone
•  MIDI keyboar
•  Mouse (pointing device)
• Scanner
• Webcam
• Touchpads
• Pen Input
•  Microphone
• Electronic Whiteboard

output

• Monitor
• Printers
• Plotters
• Projector
• LCD Projection Panels
• Computer Output Microfilm
• Speaker
• Fax Machine
• Headphones